The price of gold fluctuates for different reasons. The main reason is that linked to the market: during the fixing, the president announces an opening price on which sellers and buyers position themselves. If the purchase amounts are not equal to the sale amounts, then the price is adjusted. It therefore varies.
But gold is a safe haven and that is why its price also varies depending on social-economic parameters. Thus, when the economic situation is unstable, investments tend to concentrate on this precious metal and demand explodes, causing the price of gold to increase.
Finally, we must differentiate between the price of spot gold and the price of gold futures. The spot price is the amount that will be immediately paid for the purchase of gold. The forward price is an amount which will be settled in the future, on a defined date. We thus find two prices which do not, however, represent a fluctuation strictly speaking.